Take steel sheet pile for example, firstly weld a φ75mm steel pipe in the groove of steel sheet pile and pile the pipe together with steel sheet pile. Insert inclinometer to the tube fixed with sand filled in.
Although inclinometer can measure the horizontal displacement, it means little to distinguish safety of steel sheet pile, because the cofferdam allow a great amount of displacement (up to 100 ~ 300 mm).
What means alot here is the sheet pile bending measurement, which could be obtained by numerical differentiation of curvature from inclinometer data. This is the reliable results to determine whether the steel sheet pile meet deformation requirements. It can also be used to compare with the moment from calculation results to indirectly get stiffness information of sheet pile wall.
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